ABSTRACT
Abstract Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease which impairs the quality of life. The objective of study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Brief Group Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy to improve quality of life, depression, anxiety and coping strategies in SLE patients. Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 80 female SLE patients were allocated into two groups: therapy group (n = 37) and control group (n =43). Therapy group (TG) attended weekly psychotherapy sessions for 20 weeks; control group (CG) remained on a waiting list. Both groups received standard medical care. Questionnaires and scales were applied by blinded evaluators at baseline (T1) and after 20 weeks (T2): Socioeconomic Status, SLE International Collaborating Clinic/American College of Rheumatology-Damage Index, SLE International Disease Activity, SLE Specific Symptom Checklist, SLE Quality of life, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale, Coping Strategies Inventory. Intent to treat intra- and inter-group analysis was performed for all variables in T1 and T2 using Qui-square, t-Student, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests. Analysis of Variance was used to compare categorical variables overtime. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of patients was 42 years; 54% were white, with mean disease duration of years 12. At baseline, both groups were homogeneous in all variables, including medications. After 20 weeks of psychotherapy TG was significantly different from CG, with lower frequency of symptoms (p = 0.001), lower level of anxiety (p = 0.019) and depression (p = 0.022), better index in five of six domains of quality of life scale (p ≤ 0.005), including total SLEQOL (p < 0.001) and with higher positive planful problem solving strategy (p = 0.017). No change in disease activity score was observed in both groups. Conclusions: Psychoanalytic psychotherapy was effective to improve many domains of quality of life and one positive coping skill and to reduce SLE symptoms, anxiety and depression levels. Brief group psychotherapy can be a useful tool to complement medical care in SLE patients. Trial registration: Number NCT01840709.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Anxiety/therapy , Psychoanalytic Therapy/methods , Quality of Life , Adaptation, Psychological , Depression/therapy , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/psychology , Psychotherapy, Brief , Psychotherapy, Group , Socioeconomic Factors , Patient SelectionABSTRACT
Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do difosfato de cloroquina (DFC) em: a) controlar a atividade do lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (LES), b) diminuir o número de exacerbaçoes da doença e c) diminuir a dose de corticosteróides em pacientes com LES sem manifestaçoes graves. Métodos: Estudo clínico randômico, duplo cego de 37 pacientes com LES (segundo critérios de classificaçao do Colégio Americano de Reumatologia), que estavam em uso de no máximo 0,5mg/kg/d de prednisona. Aleatoriamente, 20 pacientes foram colocados no grupo DFC e receberam 250mg/d de cloroquina e 17 no grupo PL receberam 1cp/d de placebo. Todos fizeram avaliaçao clínica e laboratorial bimestralmente por 6 meses. Resultados: O número de reativaçoes do LES foi significantemente maior nos pacientes do grupo PL quando comparados aos do grupo DFC. Comprometimento cutâneo ocorreu em 58 por cento no grupo PL e em 10 por cento no grupo DFC, acometimento articular foi observado em 41 por cento no grupo PL e em 5 por cento no grupo DFC, enquanto hipocomplementemia ocorreu em 35 por cento e 5 por cento, respectivamente no grupo PL e DFC. Estas diferenças foram estatisticamente significantes. Setenta e cinco por cento dos pacientes do grupo DFC e apenas 23 por cento do grupo PL conseguiram reduzir a dose de prednisona e esta diferença também foi estatisticamente significante. Conclusoes: O uso de DFC preveniu reativaçoes do LES e permitiu a reduçao da dose de prednisona, durante os seis meses de seguimento